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Juliusz Kossak
Juliusz Fortunat Kossak (Nowy Wiśnicz, 15 December 1824 – 3 February 1899, Kraków) was a Polish historical painter and master illustrator who specialized in battle scenes, military portraits and horses. He was the progenitor of an artistic family that spanned four generations,〔〔See list of Juliusz Kossak's descendants at "Kossak family", including second-, third- and fourth-generation painters, with links to individual articles.〕 father of painter Wojciech Kossak and grandfather of painter Jerzy Kossak.〔Jerzy Jan Lerski, Piotr Wróbel, Richard J. Kozicki, ( ''Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945'' ) See: Kossak, Juliusz and Wojciech; Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996, 750 pages, ISBN 0-313-26007-9, ISBN 978-0-313-26007-0〕
==Life==
Juliusz Kossak grew up in Lwów during the military partitions of Poland. He obtained a degree in law at the Lwów University encouraged by his mother. At the same time he studied painting with Jan Maszkowski and Piotr Michałowski.〔Irena Kossowska, Art Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences (''Instytut Sztuki Polskiej Akademii Nauk''), ( "Sylwetki, sztuki wizualne: JULIUSZ KOSSAK" ) January 2005〕 Beginning in 1844 Kossak worked on commissions for the local aristocracy in Małopolska, Podolia and Wolyn.〔Artfact LLC Fine Art Auctions. ( About Juliusz Kossak, Biography ) Artfact 1986–2009〕 He married Zofia Gałczyńska in 1855 and together they left for Paris where they spent five years. His sons were born there, the twin brothers: Wojciech and Tadeusz (on New Year's Eve 1856–1857) and the younger Stefan in 1858. The family came to Warsaw in 1860 where Kossak obtained a position as the head illustrator and engraver for ''Tygodnik Illustrowany'' magazine. They moved to Munich for a year and in 1868 settled in Kraków blessed with five children already. Kossak bought a small estate there, known as ''Kossakówka'', famed for artistic and literary salon frequented by Adam Asnyk, Henryk Sienkiewicz, Stanisław Witkiewicz, Józef Chełmoński and many others. Juliusz Kossak lived and worked there till the end of his life. In 1880 he was awarded the Cross of Order of Merit by Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria–Hungary for his lifetime achievements as an artist.
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